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on December 31, 2018

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Prehistoric Age in India [Ancient Indian History NCERT Notes For UPSC]

Prehistoric Periods in India – According to Tools Ancient history can be divided into different periods according to the tools used by people then. Paleolithic Period: 2 million BC – 10,000 BC Mesolithic Period: 10,000 BC – 8000 BC Neolithic Period: 8000 BC – 4000 BC Chalcolithic Period: 4000 BC – 1500 BC Iron Age: 1500 BC – 200 BC Prehistoric Period – Palaeolithic Period (Old Stone Age) This is further divided into three: Lower Palaeolithic Age: up to 100,000 BC Middle Palaeolithic Age: 100,000 BC – 40,000 BC Upper Palaeolithic Age: 40,000 BC – 10,000 BC Lower Palaeolithic age Hunters and food gatherers; tools used were axes, choppers and cleavers. Earliest lower Palaeolithic site is Bori in Maharashtra. Limestone was also used to make tools Major sites of lower Palaeolithic age Soan valley (in present Pakistan) sites in the Thar Desert Kashmir Mewar plains Saurashtra Gujarat Central India Deccan Plateau Chotanagpur plateau North of the Cauvery R

GAUTAM BUDDHA

NCERT Notes: Gautam Buddha - Life & Teachings [Ancient Indian History Notes For UPSC] NCERT notes on important topics for the UPSC Civil Services Exam . These notes will also be useful for other competitive exams like banking PO, SSC, state civil services exams and so on. This article talks about the rise and spread of Buddhism in ancient India. Facts about the Buddha Buddhism was founded by Gautama Buddha. Buddha was born as Prince Siddhartha at Lumbini near Kapilavastu (in present Nepal) in 566 BC. He was the son of Suddhodhana and Mahamaya. Suddhodhana was the chief of the Sakya clan. Due to this, Buddha was also known as ‘Sakyamuni’. His mother died either giving birth to him or after seven days. Siddhartha was brought up by his maternal aunt, Prajapati Gautami. This gave him the name ‘Gautama’. He was married to Yashodhara and had a son, Rahula. He left his home at the age of 29 to become an ascetic. This event is called Mahabhishkramana. The idea of renuncia

NCERT Notes: Vedic Civilization [Ancient Indian History Notes For UPSC]

The Vedic Age was between 1500 BC and 600 BC. This is the next major civilization that occurred in ancient India after the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization by 1400 BC. The Vedas were composed in this period and this gives this age the name. The Vedas are also the chief source of information about this era. The Vedic Age started with the coming of the Aryans or Indo-Aryans. Indo-Aryan Migration The Aryans were a semi-nomadic pastoral people. The original homeland of the Aryans is a matter of debate with different experts suggesting different regions from where they originated. Some say they came from the area around the Caspian Sea in Central Asia (Max Muller), while others think they originated from the Russian Steppes. Bal Gangadhar Tilak was of the opinion that the Aryans came from the Arctic region. The Vedic Age started with the Aryan occupation of the Indo-Gangetic Plains. Meaning of the word Arya: Noble. They spoke Sanskrit, an Indo-European language. They led

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